ECG 1. Normal Sinus Rhythm • Rate: 60–100 bpm • Rhythm: Regular • P waves: Present, one before each QRS • QRS: Normal width • Interpretation: This is the baseline healthy heart rhythm. ⸻ 2. Sinus Bradycardia • Rate: <60 bpm • Rhythm: Regular • P waves: Present, one before each QRS • QRS: Normal • Interpretation: Normal in athletes or during sleep; may need treatment if symptomatic. ⸻ 3. Sinus Tachycardia • Rate: >100 bpm • Rhythm: Regular • P waves: Present • QRS: Normal • Interpretation: Can be due to exercise, fever, pain, or shock. ⸻ 4. Atrial Fibrillation (AFib) • Rate: Variable • Rhythm: Irregularly irregular • P waves: Absent (replaced by fibrillatory waves) • QRS: Normal • Interpretation: Risk of stroke due to atrial clot formation; may need anticoagulation. ⸻ 5. Atrial Flutter • Rate: Atrial rate ~250–350 bpm • Rhythm: Regular or i...